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Gustaaf Schlegel (30 September 184015 October 1903) was a Dutch sinologist and field naturalist.〔E. Bruce Brooks (9 June 2004), (Gustaaf Schlegel ), Sinology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, retrieved 17 September 2011〕 == Life and career == Gustaaf Schlegel was born on 30 September 1840 in Oegstgeest. The son of Hermann Schlegel—a native of Saxony who had moved to the Netherlands in 1827 to work at the natural history museum of Leiden and became its second director—Gustaaf begun to study Chinese at the age of 9 with Leiden japanologist J. J. Hoffmann initially, it seems, without the knowledge of his parents.〔 originally published in ''Biografisch Woordenboek van Nederland 3'' (Biographical Dictionary of the Netherlands 3), The Hague, 1989〕 Gustaaf made his first trip to China in 1857 in order to collect bird specimens, but his notoriety as naturalist was overshadowed by that of Robert Swinhoe who completed much field work in China ahead of Schlegel.〔 In 1861, after having learned the Fuzhou dialect, he moved to Canton to study Cantonese.〔 In 1862, Schlegel took a job as an interpreter for the supreme court of the colonial government of Batavia.〔 While working on this job, in 1866 he published a monograph on the Tiandihui (Heaven and Earth Society)—the first on the topic in Dutch—, and another one on prostitution in Canton.〔 In 1869 he was awarded a doctorate from the University of Jena; his thesis was on the customs and pastimes of the Chinese,〔 but this writing was apparently a formality because his reputation had been established by his previous publications.〔 Schlegel fell seriously ill in 1872 and was granted two years' sick leave to Holland. On his return, Hoffmannn met him and asked Schlegel to take his place in educating Dutch-Chinese translators. Schlegel accepted, and in 1873 he pursued the matter further writing a ''pro domo'' letter to the Colonial Minister, asking for the government to establish a university position. He was successful, and in 1875 was appointed as an "extraordinary professor" of Chinese at Leiden University,〔 on the first position of its kind, and advanced to full professor in 1877.〔 In 1873 he became correspondent of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, he resigned four years later, in 1877. In 1888 he became member of the Academy once more. In 1878 he married Catharina Elisabeth Gezina Buddingh. They had no children and divorced in 1890. The last years of his life were significantly affected by diabetes, as a result of which he lost sight in both eyes.〔 He retired in 1902 and died next year. His chair at Leiden remained vacant until 1904 when Jan Jakob Maria de Groot accepted the position.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gustaaf Schlegel」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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